Haiti Flag

The blue and red bands symbolize the union of black and mixed-race Haitians during the revolution that ousted colonial rule. The coat of arms, featuring a palm tree topped by a Phrygian cap, stands for liberty stemming from revolution. Weapons and artillery symbolize the nation’s readiness to defend its freedom, while the ribbon motto emphasizes collective strength. The white background for the coat of arms on the state flag underscores peace and reconciliation.

Haiti adopted its first flag on 18 May 1803 when Jean-Jacques Dessalines tore the white strand from the French tricolor, symbolizing a break from colonialism. Variations through the centuries included a vertical design and periods with and without the coat of arms. The version with the arms was readopted after the fall of Jean-Claude Duvalier in 1986, embodying a return to democratic values and national unity. Each element reflects milestones in Haiti’s evolution—from revolution to modern republic—and roots in Pan-African and republican symbolism.

The Haitian flag comprises two simple horizontal stripes of vibrant blue and crimson red, overlaid with a central white panel for the coat of arms. The arms include a palm tree, six national flags, a trophy of rifles, cannons with banners, and a royal palm topped by the Phrygian cap representing freedom. Taken together with the distinctive motto, the design fuses revolutionary imagery with both ecological and military symbolism in a balanced layout.

The Haitian flag is prominently displayed on public buildings, during national celebrations like Flag Day (18 May), and in international representation. Etiquette requires raising it at sunrise and lowering at sunset. While the civil flag omits the coat of arms, only the national version may be used officially. Worn flags must be replaced or respectfully destroyed. During mourning or national tragedy, the flag flies at half-mast until formally lowered again.